"The subject of this print could be representative of any time from the 1850s to the 1870s. Among the Northern Plains peoples, the owner of a sacred pipe or a medicine pipe held an important position in the tribe. The medicine pipe was sometimes part of a larger medicine bundle. "The owner of this pipe wears a hide shirt that is painted blue and the white spots on it represent hail marks. Similar marks were sometimes painted on horses, too. The warriors believed that during battle, these marks would call down hailstones to strike the enemy. The eagle feathers attached to the shirt would impact great strength and courage to the shirt’s owner." - Howard Terpning