Bear societies honored the bravery, spirit and fighting strength of the bear. By painting the bear on his shield, a warrior received the bear's spirit and strength in battle. His shield gave him psychological protection from his enemies, both seen and unseen.

The bear was venerated not only for his strength, but also for his wisdom. He was believed to be invulnerable to other animals and to have the power to repel the arrows and bullets shot at him. If necessary, it was believed that he could find the plants and herbs needed to heal himself when wounded. To those he wished to help, he could impart the same qualities, and sometimes a bear restored life to people for whom he felt a special kinship.

Common for all North American tribes was a profound respect and reverence for the bear, which, at times, took on sacred characteristics. There is a saying: 'As my fur has touched you, you will be great; as my hands have touched your hands, you will be fearless; and as my mouth has touched your mouth, you will be wise..." And with that, the bear departed.

- Paul Calle